Question

i. testing concepts
directions: in the blank at the left, write the letter of the term that best completes each statement.

1. ______ energy is the energy an object has because of its motion.

a. kinetic b. potential c. chemical d. magnetic

1. ______ is the amount of force applied through a certain distance.

a. space b. time c. energy d. work

1. ______ energy is stored energy due to position.

a. kinetic b. potential c. chemical d. magnetic

1. if work stays the same and distance is increased, then ______ force will be needed.

a. less b. more c. the same d. no

1. energy stored in chemical bonds is called ______.

a. elastic potential energy c. kinetic energy
b. chemical potential energy d. none of these

1. anything that can fall has stored energy called ______.

a. elastic potential energy c. kinetic energy
b. chemical potential energy d. gravitational potential energy

1. a screw, lever, and wedge are all examples of ______.

a. elastic potential energy c. simple machines
c. complex machines d. robots

1. the si unit for energy is ______.

a. joules c. work
b. newtons d. meters

1. the number of times a machine multiplies the effort force is the ______ of a machine.

a. work c. energy
c. efficiency d. mechanical advantage

1. ______ is the tendency for an object to resist change in motion.

a. gravitational potential energy c. potential energy
d. inertia d. kinetic energy

1. ______ states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

a. newtons 1st law c. newtons 3rd law
e. newtons 2nd law d. newtons 4th law

1. ______ states that the acceleration of an object depends on the net force acting on it and its mass.

a. newtons 1st law c. newtons 3rd law
f. newtons 2nd law d. newtons 4th law

1. the earth is experiencing ______ when rotating around the sun.

a. terminal velocity c. air resistance
chapter resources • work and energy
1
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Explanation:

1. Kinetic energy is defined as the energy of an object due to its motion.
2. Work is calculated as force applied over a distance ($W = F\times d$).
3. Potential energy is energy stored due to position.
4. Using the work formula $W = F\times d$, if $W$ is constant and $d$ increases, $F$ (force) must decrease.
5. Energy in chemical bonds is chemical potential energy.
6. Objects that can fall have gravitational potential energy (related to height in a gravitational field).
7. Screw, lever, wedge are simple machines (basic mechanical devices).
8. The SI unit for energy is Joules.
9. Mechanical advantage is the ratio of output force to input force (how much a machine multiplies force).
10. Inertia is the property of an object to resist change in motion.
11. Newton's 3rd Law states every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
12. Newton's 2nd Law is $F = ma$ (relating force, mass, and acceleration).

Answer:

1. a. Kinetic
2. d. Work
3. b. Potential
4. a. less
5. b. chemical potential energy
6. d. gravitational potential energy
7. c. simple machines
8. a. Joules
9. d. Mechanical advantage
10. d. Inertia
11. c. Newton’s 3rd Law
12. f. Newton’s 2nd Law