Question

1. suppose you were asked to revise the following speech to sound more like academic discourse.

the results of the research for stopping this are: we need programs to address both younger and older kid violence. having preventative classes for only younger kids with bad behavior misses over half of the kids who will be really bad violent offenders, although across the world prevention programs in childhood may be good for stopping older kid violence.
which answer would work best for this task?

• the implications of these findings for prevention are clear. programs are needed to address both early- and late-onset violence. targeting prevention programs solely to younger children with problem behavior misses over half of the children who will eventually become serious violent offenders, although universal prevention programs in childhood may be effective in preventing late onset violence.
• the implications of these findings for prevention are clear, and programs are needed to address both early- and late-onset violence because targeting prevention programs solely to younger children with problem behavior misses over half of the children who will eventually become serious violent offenders. although universal prevention programs in childhood may be effective in preventing late onset violence.
• the results of these findings for prevention are clear. classes are needed to address both early- and late-onset violence. having prevention programs solely for littler kids with behavior problems misses over half of the kids who will eventually become serious violent offenders, although universal prevention programs in childhood may be good in preventing late onset violence.
• the implications of these findings for prevention are clear. programs are needed to address both early- and late-onset violence. targeting prevention programs solely to younger children with problem behavior misses over half of the children who will eventually become serious violent offenders. although universal prevention programs in childhood may be effective in preventing late onset violence.

Explanation:

To determine the best answer, we analyze academic discourse characteristics: formal tone, precise terminology, and logical flow.

1. Analyze Option 1: Uses "misses over half..." after a comma, creating a run - on. Also, "safety to" is incorrect (should be "solely to").
2. Analyze Option 2: Has a clear structure, correct word choice ("solely to", "although" for contrast), and formal tone. It conveys the idea of prevention implications, program need for early/late - onset violence, and the limitation of targeting younger kids with problem behavior (missing half of future serious offenders) while noting universal programs' potential.
3. Analyze Option 3: "Classes" is less formal and less accurate than "programs" in this context. Also, "safety for" is incorrect.
4. Analyze Option 4: "The results of these findings" is redundant ("findings" imply results), and "may be good in" is less formal/accurate than "may be effective in".

Answer:

The second option (the one with "The implications of these findings for prevention are clear, and programs are needed to address both early - and late - onset violence because targeting prevention programs solely to younger children with problem behavior misses over half of the children who will eventually become serious violent offenders. Although universal prevention programs in childhood may be effective in preventing late - onset violence.")