Question

staab (2020) emphasizes that social protection for women informal workers is limited because:

a. informal work is temporary and therefore does not require protection

b. most women in informal work are already fully covered by universal programs

c. gendered care responsibilities and exclusion from contributory schemes undermine access to protections

d. informal workers prefer independence from state systems

Explanation:

Gendered care - responsibilities often limit women's ability to engage in contributory social - protection schemes. Also, exclusion from such schemes undermines their access to social protection. Option a is incorrect as all work, including informal work, may need protection. Option b is wrong since women in informal work are not fully covered by universal programs. Option d is not a common reason for limited social protection; rather, it is lack of access and structural barriers.

Answer:

C. Gendered care responsibilities and exclusion from contributory schemes undermine access to protections