Question

some keep the sabbath going to church -
i keep it, staying at home -
with a bobolink for a chorister -
and an orchard, for a dome -

some keep the sabbath in surplice -
i just wear my wings -
and instead of tolling the bell, for church,
our little sexton - sings.

god preaches, a noted clergyman -
and the sermon is never long,
so instead of getting to heaven, at last -

what is the central topic of the poem?
spirituality
complete

what might have shocked readers about dickinsons view of spirituality?
her nontraditional view of spiritual obligations
complete

the rhythmic structure reinforces the perspective of spirituality through a tone.

• bitter and critical
• confident and forthright
• conventional and arrogant

Explanation:

⚡ Using what you learned: close reading methods for poetic texts

Step 1: Analyze the poem's rhythm and structure

Emily Dickinson's poem "Some keep the Sabbath going to Church" uses a steady, song-like rhythm (common hymnal meter) with clear, direct statements. The speaker compares traditional churchgoing practices with her own personal, nature-based worship.

Step 2: Evaluate the tone options

• bitter and critical: The tone is not bitter or angry; instead, it is lighthearted, joyful, and serene as she describes her "Bobolink" and "Orchard."
• confident and forthright: The speaker makes bold, direct declarations about her personal relationship with God ("I keep it, staying at Home", "I just wear my Wings", "the sermon is never long"). She is completely secure and honest about her choices without being defensive.
• conventional and arrogant: Her view is highly unconventional (nontraditional), and her tone is humble and playful rather than arrogant.

Therefore, the rhythmic structure and direct language reinforce a confident and forthright tone.

Answer:

confident and forthright