section 1-2 how scientists work (pages 8-15)
key concepts
- how do scientists test hypotheses?
- how does a scientific theory develop?
designing an experiment (pages 8-10)
1. the idea that life can arise from nonliving matter is called ______.
2. what was francesco redi’s hypothesis about the appearance of maggots?
______
3. what are variables in an experiment? ______
4. ideally, how many variables should an experiment test at a time? ______
______
5. what is a controlled experiment? ______
______
______
6. the illustration below shows the beginning of redi’s experiment. complete the
illustration by showing the outcome.
redi’s experiment on spontaneous generation
uncovered jars covered jars
several
days pass.

Question

section 1-2 how scientists work (pages 8-15)
key concepts
- how do scientists test hypotheses?
- how does a scientific theory develop?
designing an experiment (pages 8-10)
1. the idea that life can arise from nonliving matter is called ______.
2. what was francesco redi’s hypothesis about the appearance of maggots?
______
3. what are variables in an experiment? ______
4. ideally, how many variables should an experiment test at a time? ______
______
5. what is a controlled experiment? ______
______
______
6. the illustration below shows the beginning of redi’s experiment. complete the
illustration by showing the outcome.
redi’s experiment on spontaneous generation
uncovered jars  covered jars
several
days pass.

Accepted Answer

### Question 1
# Brief Explanations:
The idea that life can arise from nonliving matter is a concept in biology related to the historical idea of spontaneous generation.
# Answer:
spontaneous generation

### Question 2
# Brief Explanations:
Francesco Redi hypothesized that maggots do not arise spontaneously from rotting meat, but rather from eggs laid by flies.
# Answer:
Maggots appear on meat because flies lay eggs on it (and do not arise spontaneously from the meat).

### Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
In an experiment, variables are factors that can change. There are independent (the one manipulated), dependent (the one observed/measured), and controlled (kept constant) variables.
# Answer:
Variables are factors that can change in an experiment, including independent (manipulated), dependent (observed/measured), and controlled (constant) variables.

### Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
To accurately determine the effect of a variable, an experiment should test only one variable at a time (the independent variable), while keeping others constant.
# Answer:
Ideally, an experiment should test one variable at a time.

### Question 5
# Brief Explanations:
A controlled experiment has a control group (not exposed to the independent variable) and an experimental group (exposed), with all other variables controlled (kept constant) to isolate the effect of the independent variable.
# Answer:
A controlled experiment is an experiment in which only one variable is changed (independent variable), while all other variables are kept constant (controlled variables), and there is a control group (not exposed to the independent variable) for comparison.

### Question 6
# Brief Explanations:
In Redi's experiment, for the uncovered jars (exposed to flies), maggots will appear on the meat because flies can lay eggs on it. For the covered jars (flies can't access to lay eggs), no maggots will appear on the meat. So the outcome is: Uncovered jars - maggots on the meat; Covered jars - no maggots on the meat.
# Answer:
- Uncovered jars: Maggots will be present on the meat (since flies can lay eggs on it).
- Covered jars: No maggots will be present on the meat (since flies cannot lay eggs on it as the jars are covered).

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