review: principles of education semester 1 test
1. which philosophy emphasizes personal decision - making and the ability to shape one’s own life?
a. a) perennialism
b. b) essentialism
c. c) existentialism
d. d) social reconstructivism
2. which educational philosophy focuses on teaching the great ideas of western civilization?
a. a) progressivism
b. b) perennialism
c. c) behaviorism
d. d) essentialism
3. essentialism is characterized by:
a. a) the transmission of a common core of knowledge
b. b) a focus on social reform
c. c) student - centered learning
d. d) emphasis on personal experiences
4. behaviorism in education primarily relies on:
a. a) emotional engagement
b. b) rewards and punishments
c. c) group collaboration
d. d) philosophical discussions
5. which philosophy focuses on the whole child and encourages active experimentation?
a. a) perennialism
b. b) progressivism
c. c) social reconstructivism
d. d) behaviorism
6. what year was harvard college established?
a. a) 1600
b. b) 1636
c. c) 1700
d. d) 1750
7. who is known as the \father of american public education in america\?
a. a) john dewey
b. b) ella flagg young
c. c) w.e.b. du bois
d. d) horace mann

Question

review: principles of education semester 1 test
1. which philosophy emphasizes personal decision - making and the ability to shape one’s own life?
   a. a) perennialism
   b. b) essentialism
   c. c) existentialism
   d. d) social reconstructivism
2. which educational philosophy focuses on teaching the great ideas of western civilization?
   a. a) progressivism
   b. b) perennialism
   c. c) behaviorism
   d. d) essentialism
3. essentialism is characterized by:
   a. a) the transmission of a common core of knowledge
   b. b) a focus on social reform
   c. c) student - centered learning
   d. d) emphasis on personal experiences
4. behaviorism in education primarily relies on:
   a. a) emotional engagement
   b. b) rewards and punishments
   c. c) group collaboration
   d. d) philosophical discussions
5. which philosophy focuses on the whole child and encourages active experimentation?
   a. a) perennialism
   b. b) progressivism
   c. c) social reconstructivism
   d. d) behaviorism
6. what year was harvard college established?
   a. a) 1600
   b. b) 1636
   c. c) 1700
   d. d) 1750
7. who is known as the \father of american public education in america\?
   a. a) john dewey
   b. b) ella flagg young
   c. c) w.e.b. du bois
   d. d) horace mann

Accepted Answer

### Question 1
# Brief Explanations:
Existentialism emphasizes individual choice, personal decision - making, and the ability of individuals to shape their own lives. Perennialism focuses on universal knowledge, Essentialism on core knowledge, and Social Reconstructivism on social change.
# Answer:
c. C) Existentialism

### Question 2
# Brief Explanations:
Perennialism in education is centered around teaching the great ideas, works, and knowledge of Western civilization that are considered timeless. Progressivism focuses on student - centered and experiential learning, Behaviorism on behavior modification, and Essentialism on core academic knowledge.
# Answer:
b. B) Perennialism

### Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
Essentialism in education is characterized by the transmission of a common core of knowledge that is considered essential for all students. A focus on social reform is for Social Reconstructivism, student - centered learning is for Progressivism, and emphasis on personal experiences is for Existentialism or Progressivism.
# Answer:
a. A) The transmission of a common core of knowledge

### Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
Behaviorism in education is based on the idea of operant conditioning, which primarily uses rewards (to reinforce desired behaviors) and punishments (to eliminate undesired behaviors). Emotional engagement is more related to humanistic approaches, group collaboration to cooperative learning, and philosophical discussions to existential or other philosophical approaches.
# Answer:
b. B) Rewards and punishments

### Question 5
# Brief Explanations:
Progressivism in education focuses on the whole child (their intellectual, emotional, social, etc. development) and encourages active experimentation and hands - on learning. Perennialism focuses on traditional knowledge, Social Reconstructivism on social change, and Behaviorism on behavior modification.
# Answer:
b. B) Progressivism

### Question 6
# Brief Explanations:
Harvard College was established in 1636. It is one of the oldest institutions of higher learning in the United States.
# Answer:
b. B) 1636

### Question 7
# Brief Explanations:
Horace Mann is widely known as the "father of American public education" because of his efforts in promoting public education, establishing common school systems, and advocating for educational reform in the United States. John Dewey is a major figure in educational philosophy (Progressivism), Ella Flagg Young was an educational administrator, and W.E.B. Du Bois was a civil rights leader and scholar.
# Answer:
d. D) Horace Mann

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