Question

reflect on your bumper car solution

1. identify an object in your life that can be damaged by a collision. briefly describe how you might go about engineering a solution to protect the object that applies newtons laws of motion.

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Explanation:

Let's take a smartphone as an example. When a smartphone collides (e.g., falls), it can get damaged. To engineer a protective solution:

• Newton's First Law: A smartphone in motion (falling) will stay in motion until acted upon by an external force (like the ground). A protective case with shock - absorbing materials (e.g., rubber) can increase the time of impact. According to the impulse - momentum theorem \(J = F\Delta t=\Delta p\), if the change in momentum \(\Delta p\) (which is \(m\Delta v\), mass times change in velocity) is constant (for a given fall), increasing the time of impact \(\Delta t\) will decrease the force \(F\) exerted on the phone.
• Newton's Third Law: When the phone hits the ground, the ground exerts a force on the phone. The protective case can also be designed with a structure (like raised edges) that distributes the reaction force over a larger area of the phone, reducing the pressure ( \(P=\frac{F}{A}\), where \(P\) is pressure, \(F\) is force, and \(A\) is area) on any single part of the phone.

Answer:

An object could be a smartphone. A protective case with shock - absorbing materials (to increase impact time and reduce force via \(J = F\Delta t=\Delta p\)) and a structure with raised edges (to distribute force over a larger area and reduce pressure via \(P = \frac{F}{A}\)) can be engineered.