Question

rank the following atoms in order of effective nuclear charge, from lowest to highest: na, cl, si, al, s. do not use slaters rules to solve.

Explanation:

Step1: Recall the trend of effective nuclear charge

Effective nuclear charge (\(Z_{eff}\)) increases across a period from left to right.

Step2: Locate the elements in the periodic table

Na (sodium) is in group 1, Al (aluminium) is in group 13, Si (silicon) is in group 14, S (sulfur) is in group 16 and Cl (chlorine) is in group 17 of the third period.

Step3: Rank the elements

As we move from left to right in the third period, the atomic number increases. The atomic number of Na is 11, Al is 13, Si is 14, S is 16 and Cl is 17. Since \(Z_{eff}\) increases with atomic number (in the same period), the order of increasing \(Z_{eff}\) is based on their positions from left to right in the period.

Answer:

\(Na