Question

question 5

we know which of the following about horizontal power?

it is reflected on the organization flow chart.
the sales department invariably carries higher power rating than other departments.
its relationships changes as strategic contingencies change.
the concept of vertical linkages explains relative power.

Explanation:

Define horizontal power characteristics

Using the Horizontal Power knowledge point
Horizontal power refers to relationships across departments, which are not defined by the formal vertical hierarchy or organizational flow chart.

Analyze the strategic contingencies link

Using the Strategic Contingencies Theory knowledge point
Horizontal power is dynamic and depends on which department can best address critical organizational issues. As strategic contingencies change, the relative power among departments shifts accordingly.

Evaluate the remaining options

• The organizational chart reflects vertical, formal authority, not horizontal power.
• No single department (like sales) invariably holds the highest power; it depends on the environment.
• Vertical linkages explain vertical power, not horizontal power.

Answer:

• It is reflected on the organization flow chart.
• The sales department invariably carries higher power rating than other departments.
• Its relationships changes as strategic contingencies change. (Correct answer)
• The concept of vertical linkages explains relative power.