Question

question 9
(q003) keisha had a memorable night at a close friends wedding. between the beautiful scenery, the touching vows, and the dancing, this wedding was epic. while the memories have already been encoded, these two phases of memory will allow keisha to remember and talk about this night for years to come.
o a. visual attention and auditory attention
b. filter theory and change blindness
o c. sensory storage and long - term storage
d. storage and retrieval

question 10
(q003) stephanies ears perked up when she overheard her name from across the room. she had been in the middle of a conversation, but she still took note. how would filter theory explain this?
o a. stimuli that evoke emotions or provide important information readily capture our awareness, which is what happened in this case when stephanie heard her name.
o b. we are able to listen to all sounds at once, and in hindsight recall the most important elements, such as hearing our own name.
o c. once stephanie fixates on an important detail, like hearing her name, her attentional filter gets set so she will no longer hear less important conversations.
o d. stephanie was monitoring the other conversation as a shadow message and was ready to switch her attention at the first sign of an important signal, such as hearing her own name.

question 11
(q003) taking an exam that is mostly____is more difficult for most people because it involves____.
o multiple choice; recognition
o multiple choice; recall
o short answer; recognition
o short answer; recall

question 12
(q003) you likely remembered more numbers when they were read to you as dates because that made use of
o elaboration.
o meaning.
o chunking.
o all of the answer options are correct.

Explanation:

• Question 9: Memory processes involve encoding, storage, and retrieval. Storage holds memories, and retrieval allows accessing them. Keisha's ability to remember the wedding years later relies on these two phases.
• Question 10: Filter theory (Broadbent's model) suggests we have a limited - capacity channel. We monitor shadow messages (unattended information) and switch attention when an important signal (like one's name) is detected.
• Question 11: Short - answer exams require recall (generating information from memory), which is more difficult than recognition (identifying information, as in multiple - choice).
• Question 12: Chunking (grouping information, like numbers as dates), elaboration (relating new info to existing knowledge), and considering meaning all aid memory.

Answer:

• Question 9: D. storage and retrieval
• Question 10: D. Stephanie was monitoring the other conversation as a shadow message and was ready to switch her attention at the first sign of an important signal, such as hearing her own name.
• Question 11: D. short answer; recall
• Question 12: D. All of the answer options are correct.