Question

question 6 (1 point)
which of the molecules, co₂, nh₃ and bcl₃ will be polar?
co₂, nh₃ and bcl₃
co₂ and bcl₃
nh₃
co₂ and nh₃
bcl₃

Explanation:

• For \(CO_2\):
• The central atom is \(C\). The electron - pair geometry and molecular geometry of \(CO_2\) are linear (\(O = C=O\)).
• The bond dipoles (due to the \(C - O\) bonds) are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. So, the net dipole moment of \(CO_2\) is \(0\), and it is non - polar.
• For \(NH_3\):
• The central atom is \(N\). The electron - pair geometry is tetrahedral and the molecular geometry is trigonal pyramidal.
• \(N\) is more electronegative than \(H\). The bond dipoles (\(N - H\) bonds) do not cancel out. There is a net dipole moment, so \(NH_3\) is polar.
• For \(BCl_3\):
• The central atom is \(B\). The electron - pair geometry and molecular geometry are trigonal planar.
• The bond dipoles (due to \(B - Cl\) bonds) are equal in magnitude and symmetrically arranged. The net dipole moment of \(BCl_3\) is \(0\), and it is non - polar.

Answer:

\(NH_3\)