Question

question 2 (1 point)
there are _ unpaired electrons in a
ground state phosphorus atom.
0
1
2
3
4
question 3 (1 point)
there are _ unpaired electrons in a
ground state sulphur atom.
0
1
2
3
4

Explanation:

Question 2

Step1: Write the electron configuration of phosphorus

Phosphorus has an atomic number of 15. Its electron configuration is \(1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{3}\).

Step2: Analyze the \(3p\) sub - shell

According to Hund's rule, electrons in a sub - shell first occupy degenerate orbitals singly. The \(3p\) sub - shell has 3 orbitals. For the \(3p^{3}\) configuration, each of the 3 \(3p\) orbitals has 1 unpaired electron.

Step1: Write the electron configuration of sulphur

Sulphur has an atomic number of 16. Its electron configuration is \(1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{4}\).

Step2: Analyze the \(3p\) sub - shell

The \(3p\) sub - shell has 3 orbitals. According to Hund's rule, for the \(3p^{4}\) configuration, 2 of the \(3p\) orbitals have paired electrons (\(3p_{x}^{2}\)) and 2 of the \(3p\) orbitals have 1 unpaired electron each (\(3p_{y}^{1},3p_{z}^{1}\)).

Answer:

3

Question 3