Question

question 1

during which stage of psychosocial development do toddlers strive to gain a sense of self-rule over their actions and their bodies?

autonomy versus shame and doubt
industry verses inferiority
trust versus mistrust
intimacy versus isolation

Explanation:

Identify the developmental period and core conflict

The question asks about the stage of psychosocial development where toddlers (typically ages 1 to 3 years) strive to gain a sense of self-rule (independence and control) over their actions and their bodies. This relates to Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, which is a key framework in Developmental Stages.

Analyze the given options

• Autonomy versus shame and doubt: This stage occurs during toddlerhood (1–3 years). Toddlers focus on developing a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence (self-rule). Success leads to feelings of autonomy; failure results in feelings of shame and doubt.
• Industry versus inferiority: This stage occurs during middle childhood (6–11 years), where children learn to read, write, and do things on their own, focusing on competence.
• Trust versus mistrust: This is the first stage, occurring during infancy (birth to 1 year), focusing on whether the world is a safe and reliable place.
• Intimacy versus isolation: This stage occurs during young adulthood (18–40 years), focusing on forming intimate, loving relationships with other people.

Match the description to the correct stage

Striving to gain a sense of self-rule over actions and bodies directly defines the struggle for autonomy. Therefore, the correct stage is "Autonomy versus shame and doubt".

Answer:

• Autonomy versus shame and doubt (Correct answer)
• Industry verses inferiority
• Trust versus mistrust
• Intimacy versus isolation