Question

question 37
(q014) abraham is at a bar with some friends when he sees an attractive woman at another table. he strikes up a friendly conversation with her, and after a while she gives him her email address. abraham repeats the email address to himself over and over again while he signals to a friend that he needs a pen so he can write it down. abraham is using ______ to keep the information active in his working memory.
o a. elaborative rehearsal
b. chunking processes
o c. spreading activation
d. maintenance rehearsal

question 38
(q014) after striking her head on a window during a car accident, shani is knocked unconscious. when she wakes up, she knows who she is but has no memory of the accident or where she was for several hours before the collision took place. what condition is shani experiencing?
o a. retrograde amnesia
b. proactive interference
o c. retroactive interference
d. anterograde amnesia

question 39
(q015) kendra is studying abroad, and she realizes that, compared to the local students she has befriended, she sometimes remembers events differently. perhaps her preexisting ______ are affecting the way she encodes experiences.
o a. schemas
b. models
o c. prejudices
d. networks

question 40
(q015) phyllis hardly remembers any of the italian she learned last year now that she is studying french every day. which of the following is this a case of?
o a. tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
b. blocking
o c. proactive interference
d. retroactive interference

Explanation:

• Question 37: Maintenance rehearsal involves repeating information to keep it in working memory. Abraham repeats the email address, which is maintenance rehearsal. Elaborative rehearsal connects new info to existing knowledge. Chunking groups info. Spreading activation is neural.
• Question 38: Retrograde amnesia is loss of memory for events before a trauma. Proactive interference is old info interfering with new. Retroactive is new interfering with old. Anterograde is inability to form new memories. Shani has retrograde amnesia.
• Question 39: Schemas are mental frameworks. Preexisting schemas can affect encoding. Models are representations. Prejudices are negative attitudes. Networks are connections. Kendra's schemas affect encoding.
• Question 40: Retroactive interference is new learning (French) interfering with old (Italian). Tip - of - the - tongue is knowing info but can't recall. Blocking is temporary inability. Proactive is old interfering with new. Phyllis has retroactive interference.

Answer:

• Question 37: d. maintenance rehearsal
• Question 38: a. retrograde amnesia
• Question 39: a. schemas
• Question 40: d. retroactive interference