Question

question 24
which of the following is not a state function?
a altitude
b internal energy
c volume
d heat

question 25
a 45 ml sample of nitrogen gas is cooled from 135°c to 15°c in a container that can contract or expand at constant pressure. what is the new volume of the nitrogen gas? (your answer should have 2 significant figures and the unit is ml)

add your answer
integer, decimal or e notation allowed

Explanation:

Question 24

A state function depends only on the initial and final states of a system, not on the path taken. Altitude, internal energy, and volume are state functions. Heat is a path - dependent quantity. For example, the amount of heat transferred to a system can vary depending on how the process (like heating at constant volume or constant pressure) is carried out.

Step1: Convert temperatures to Kelvin

Charles's law is \(V_1/T_1 = V_2/T_2\). The initial temperature \(T_1=(135 + 273)\text{K}=408\text{K}\), and the final temperature \(T_2=(15 + 273)\text{K}=288\text{K}\). The initial volume \(V_1 = 45\text{mL}\).

Step2: Rearrange Charles's law to solve for \(V_2\)

From \(V_1/T_1=V_2/T_2\), we can get \(V_2=\frac{V_1T_2}{T_1}\). Substitute \(V_1 = 45\text{mL}\), \(T_1 = 408\text{K}\), and \(T_2 = 288\text{K}\) into the formula: \(V_2=\frac{45\times288}{408}\text{mL}\).

Step3: Calculate \(V_2\)

\(V_2=\frac{45\times288}{408}=\frac{12960}{408}\approx32\text{mL}\)

Answer:

D. heat

Question 25