Question

question 21 (1 point)
the number of nonbonding domains in the co₂ molecule is:
1
2
3
4
5
question 22 (1 point)
which of the following has the lowest number of unshared electrons around the central atom?
xef₄
so₂
clf₃
h₂o
sf₆

Explanation:

Question 21

Carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) has the structure \(O = C = O\). The central carbon atom has no non - bonding electron pairs (nonbonding domains). Each oxygen atom has 2 non - bonding electron pairs. But when counting nonbonding domains in the context of VSEPR (Valence - Shell Electron - Pair Repulsion) for the whole molecule (focusing on the central atom's non - bonding domains), for \(CO_2\), the central \(C\) atom forms two double bonds (\(C = O\)) and has \(0\) non - bonding domains. However, if we consider the non - bonding domains on all atoms: each \(O\) atom has \(2\) non - bonding domains (lone pairs), and there are \(2\) \(O\) atoms. So the total number of non - bonding domains in the \(CO_2\) molecule (sum of non - bonding domains on all atoms) is \(2\times2=4\).

• For \(XeF_4\): The central \(Xe\) atom has \(8\) valence electrons. It forms \(4\) single bonds with \(F\) atoms (\(4\) bonding pairs, \(4\) electrons used in bonding). So the number of unshared electrons is \(8 - 4=4\) ( \(2\) lone pairs, \(4\) unshared electrons).
• For \(SO_2\): The central \(S\) atom has \(6\) valence electrons. It forms \(2\) double bonds (equivalent to \(2\) bonding pairs in VSEPR terms, \(4\) electrons used in bonding). The number of unshared electrons is \(6 - 4 = 2\) ( \(1\) lone pair, \(2\) unshared electrons).
• For \(ClF_3\): The central \(Cl\) atom has \(7\) valence electrons. It forms \(3\) single bonds with \(F\) atoms (\(3\) bonding pairs, \(3\) electrons used in bonding). The number of unshared electrons is \(7-3 = 4\) ( \(2\) lone pairs, \(4\) unshared electrons).
• For \(H_2O\): The central \(O\) atom has \(6\) valence electrons. It forms \(2\) single bonds with \(H\) atoms (\(2\) bonding pairs, \(2\) electrons used in bonding). The number of unshared electrons is \(6 - 2=4\) ( \(2\) lone pairs, \(4\) unshared electrons).
• For \(SF_6\): The central \(S\) atom has \(6\) valence electrons. It forms \(6\) single bonds with \(F\) atoms (\(6\) bonding pairs, \(6\) electrons used in bonding). The number of unshared electrons is \(6-6 = 0\).

Answer:

4

Question 22