Question

question 18 not yet answered points out of 1 flag question weakens a response through the application of an unpleasant stimulus. oa. normative reinforcement ob. positive punishment oc. negative reinforcement od. negative punishment question 19 not yet answered points out of 1 flag question which of the following scenarios exemplify negative punishment? oa. carly yells at her husband when he comes home drunk. ob. jim makes his middle - schoolers run extra laps when they are unruly in gym class. oc. astrid tells her daughter she is grounded for misbehaving and cannot meet her friends for a week. od. joanie takes several ibuprofen tablets when she has a headache.

Explanation:

• Question 18:
• Normative reinforcement: Not a standard term in operant conditioning.
• Positive punishment: Involves adding an unpleasant stimulus to weaken a response.
• Negative reinforcement: Removes an aversive stimulus to strengthen a response.
• Negative punishment: Removes a pleasant stimulus to weaken a response.
• Question 19:
• Option a: Yelling is adding an unpleasant stimulus (positive punishment).
• Option b: Making run extra laps is adding an unpleasant stimulus (positive punishment).
• Option c: Grounding (removing the pleasant stimulus of meeting friends) is negative punishment.
• Option d: Taking ibuprofen is negative reinforcement (removing headache pain).

Answer:

• Question 18: B. positive punishment
• Question 19: C. Astrid tells her daughter she is grounded for misbehaving and cannot meet her friends for a week.