Question

question 17

the epicardium is composed of ______.

a) elastic
b) fibrous connective
c) serous membrane
d) cardiac muscle
e) smooth muscle

Explanation:

Identify the target structure

The question asks for the tissue composition of the epicardium, which is the outermost layer of the heart wall.

Relate to mastered concepts

Using the Heart Wall Layers and Pericardium Layers knowledge points, we recall that the heart wall consists of three layers: the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium. The epicardium is structurally identical to the visceral layer of the serous pericardium.

Analyze the tissue type

A serous membrane (or serosa) consists of a simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium) overlying a thin layer of loose connective tissue. Therefore, the epicardium is composed of a serous membrane.

Evaluate the given options

• A) elastic: Incorrect, as this refers to elastic tissue/fibers, not the primary membrane structure.
• B) fibrous connective: Incorrect, this describes the fibrous pericardium, which is the outer tough layer.
• C) serous membrane: Correct, the epicardium is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium.
• D) cardiac muscle: Incorrect, this is the myocardium.
• E) smooth muscle: Incorrect, smooth muscle is not the primary component of the epicardium.

Answer:

• (A) elastic
• (B) fibrous connective
• (C) serous membrane (Correct answer)
• (D) cardiac muscle
• (E) smooth muscle