Question

question 12 of 25
how does the nervous system help the body maintain homeostasis?
a. it balances the autonomic and somatic systems.
b. it sends messages that control all the systems in the body.
c. it uses neurons to block the effect of hormones.
d. it causes reflex actions when sudden action is needed.

Explanation:

The nervous system is responsible for sending electrical and chemical signals (messages) throughout the body. These signals help regulate and coordinate the functions of all body systems (such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive systems etc.) to maintain homeostasis - a stable internal environment.

• Option A: The autonomic and somatic systems are parts of the nervous system, but "balancing" them is not the main way the nervous system maintains homeostasis. The somatic system controls voluntary movements and the autonomic controls involuntary functions. Their proper functioning (not just balancing) is part of overall homeostasis but the broader role is message - sending for control.
• Option C: Neurons do not block the effect of hormones. Hormones and the nervous system often work together (e.g., the hypothalamus - pituitary - endocrine gland axis). Neurons can influence hormone release (e.g., in the case of the adrenal medulla which is innervated by the sympathetic nervous system and releases adrenaline), but not block their effects.
• Option D: Reflex actions are a rapid response mechanism (e.g., pulling your hand away from a hot object) which is a part of the nervous system's function. But it is a more specific function compared to the overall role of controlling all body systems for homeostasis.

Answer:

B. It sends messages that control all the systems in the body.