Question

part 1: water on earth

1.1 states of water and distribution of drinking water

key knowledge
water is the only naturally occurring substance found in all three states (solid, liquid, gas) at earths surface.
despite about 71% of earths surface being water, only about 2.5% is fresh water.
of this fresh water, approximately 68.9% is locked in glaciers and ice caps, 30.8% is groundwater, and only about 0.3% is surface/accessible drinking water.
the total proportion of earths water that is directly accessible as drinking water is approximately 0.007%.

q1 identify and describe the three states of matter in which water can exist at earths surface. give one example of where each state is found naturally.

q2 the pie chart below represents the distribution of water on earth. use your knowledge to answer the following:
(a) what percentage of earths water is salt water (found in oceans)?

Explanation:

Identify the three states of matter and natural examples

• Solid: Ice/snow (found in glaciers, ice caps, or polar regions)
• Liquid: Liquid water (found in oceans, lakes, or rivers)
• Gas: Water vapor (found in the atmosphere)

Calculate the percentage of Earth's water that is salt water

• Total water on Earth = \(100\%\)
• Fresh water = \(2.5\%\) (from the "Key Knowledge" text)
• Salt water percentage = \(100\% - 2.5\% = 97.5\%\)

Answer:

Question 1

• Solid: Ice, found naturally in glaciers and ice caps.
• Liquid: Liquid water, found naturally in oceans, lakes, and rivers.
• Gas: Water vapor, found naturally in the atmosphere.

Question 2

(a) \(97.5\%\)