Question

1. the misinformation effect refers to the

a) incorporation of misleading information into one’s mem
b) the eerie sense that “i’ve been in this exact situation bef
c) tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with
mood.
d) negative effect of incorrect information on recall.
e) disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new

1. howard gardner is most likely to agree that the concept

a) experiencing positive self - esteem.
b) minimizing one’s negative emotions.
c) effectively completing factor analysis.
d) spatially analyzing visual input.
e) behaving morally.

1. the confirmation bias refers to the tendency to

a) judge the likelihood of events on the basis of how
examples of them.

b) use heuristics instead of algorithms to solve prob
c) search for information that supports our precon
d) overestimate the accuracy of our beliefs and jud
e) overestimate the degree to which other people

1. the ability to simultaneously recognize the color,

automobile best illustrates
a) parallel processing.
b) blindsight.
c) subliminal perception.
d) kinesthesis.
e) sensory interaction.

1. effortful processing can occur only with

a) conscious attention.
b) chunking.
c) implicit memory.
d) sensory memory.
e) visual imagery.

Explanation:

Question 1

The misinformation effect is defined as the incorporation of misleading information into one’s memory of an event. Option A matches this definition. Option B refers to deja vu, C to mood - congruent memory, D is incorrect as it's about misleading info incorporation not just negative effect of incorrect info, and E is about proactive interference.

Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences includes spatial intelligence, which involves spatially analyzing visual input. Option A (self - esteem) is not related to his theory, B (minimizing negative emotions) is about emotional regulation not his focus, C (factor analysis) is related to IQ testing not his theory, and E (behaving morally) is about moral intelligence but the option's wording is not as accurate as D for spatial intelligence.

Confirmation bias is the tendency to search for information that supports our pre - existing beliefs. Option A is the availability heuristic, B is about using heuristics vs algorithms, D is overconfidence, and E is false consensus effect.

Answer:

A. incorporation of misleading information into one’s memory

Question 2