Question

migrant farm workers
in the 1960s, migrant farm workers, who traveled to the u.s. for seasonal work, labored under horrible conditions. they were paid low wages, had no access to toilets in the fields where they worked, and lived in unheated shacks. how could farm laborers with no voice combat this problem? activists cesar chavez and dolores huerta joined forces to help them. they created a union called the united farm workers, or ufw, and organized california grape pickers to leave the fields and go on strike. they also initiated a boycott, convincing millions of people around the country to stop buying california grapes from nonunion growers. by 1970, many grape growers had signed an agreement with the ufw, promising higher wages, better working conditions, and health - care benefits.
what is the main, or central, idea of the passage?
activists cesar chavez and dolores huerta cofounded the united farm workers union.
in the 1960s, migrant farm workers worked in harsh environments for low pay, but they lacked a way to fight for better working conditions.
cesar chavez and dolores huerta organized farm workers to get better pay and working conditions.

Explanation:

The passage first describes the poor situation of migrant farm workers in the 1960s (low - wage, bad working and living conditions, no way to fight). Then it introduces that activists Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta helped them by creating a union, organizing strikes and boycotts. Finally, it shows the result (grape growers signed agreements for better conditions). The main idea should cover both the problem of farm workers and the solution (organization by the two activists).
The first option only mentions the union's founding, which is part of the content. The second option only focuses on the workers' problem. The third option covers both the workers' situation (implied by "organized farm workers" as they had problems before) and the result (better pay and conditions).

Answer:

Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta organized farm workers to get better pay and working conditions.