Question

jose gets up from his seat on the bus to move closer to the front. just as he begins to walk forward, the bus stops at a light.
what is the best explanation of what happens to jose?
while jose is walking, his body is in motion, but when the bus stops, he continues to move forward due to inertia.
while jose is walking, he is in motion due to the force of repulsion. when the bus stops, he is catapulted forward due to the buss stronger force of attraction.
while jose is walking, his body is in motion, but when the bus stops, an unbalanced force accelerates his body backward.
while jose is walking, his body is in motion, but as the bus stops, it exerts a force on jose opposite to the direction he is walking, causing him to stop as well.

Explanation:

Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist a change in its state of motion. When Jose is walking on the bus, his body is in motion. When the bus stops, the bus changes its state of motion (from moving to stopping), but Jose's body, due to inertia, wants to continue moving forward.
The second option is incorrect as there is no such thing as "force of repulsion" and "bus's stronger force of attraction" in this context. The third option is wrong because an un - balanced force would not accelerate his body backward in this situation. The fourth option is incorrect as the bus does not exert a force on Jose opposite to his walking direction to stop him (his body's inertia is the main factor).

Answer:

While Jose is walking, his body is in motion, but when the bus stops, he continues to move forward due to inertia.