Question

instructions: in each question, identify the element with the greatest electronegativity: 1) fluorine (f), boron (b), oxygen (o), nitrogen (n) 2) bromine (br), chlorine (cl), iodine (i), astatine (at) 3) gallium (ga), calcium (ca), zinc (zn), copper (cu)

Explanation:

Step1: Recall the trend of electronegativity

Electronegativity increases across a period from left to right and decreases down a group in the periodic table.

Step2: Analyze the first group

For Fluorine (F), Boron (B), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N):

• Boron (B) is in group 13, period 2.
• Nitrogen (N) is in group 15, period 2.
• Oxygen (O) is in group 16, period 2.
• Fluorine (F) is in group 17, period 2.

Since they are in the same period, and electronegativity increases from left to right. So the order is \(B

Step3: Analyze the second group

For Bromine (Br), Chlorine (Cl), Iodine (I), Astatine (At):

• Chlorine (Cl) is in period 3, group 17.
• Bromine (Br) is in period 4, group 17.
• Iodine (I) is in period 5, group 17.
• Astatine (At) is in period 6, group 17.

Since they are in the same group, and electronegativity decreases down a group. So the order is \(At < I

Step4: Analyze the third group

For Gallium (Ga), Calcium (Ca), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu):

• Calcium (Ca) is in group 2, period 4.
• Gallium (Ga) is in group 13, period 4.
• Zinc (Zn) is in group 12, period 4.
• Copper (Cu) is in group 11, period 4.

Since they are in the same period, and electronegativity increases from left to right (with some minor irregularities due to electron - configuration, but generally follows the trend). The order is \(Ca

Answer:

1. Fluorine (F)
2. Chlorine (Cl)
3. Zinc (Zn)