Question

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Explanation:

Analyze Part A

The passage describes "The Human Genome Project," detailing its goals, unexpected findings (such as humans having far fewer genes than expected and being genetically very similar despite outward differences), and its potential to help study and treat diseases. Option A states that the project is a collaborative, worldwide investigation into human genes, which aligns with the text's description of scientists collecting samples from all over the world to map and sequence human DNA.

Analyze Part B

To support the central idea that the Human Genome Project is a collaborative, worldwide investigation into human genes, the best evidence is the sentence describing the project's initiation and global scale. Option D directly states: "The findings of the Human Genome Project, begun in 1990, will help answer these questions and many others. To find the answers, scientists collected blood, hair, skin cell, and saliva samples of people from all over the world." This directly supports the collaborative, global nature of the genetic investigation.

Answer:

Question 1

• (A) The nearly completed, star-studded Human Genome Project is a collaborative, worldwide investigation into human genes. (Correct answer)
• (B) The Human Genome Project is sparking controversy in the science world because it is proving so many previously held scientific beliefs to be incorrect.
• (C) A great mystery to most, the Human Genome Project is a costly, time-consuming project that has produced uncertain results.
• (D) The Human Genome Project will eventually eliminate human disease and human variation in skin color.

Question 2

• (A) One of the unexpected findings is that it turns out people have far fewer genes than scientists thought. Before the project, the scientific world had assumed that there were 100,000 genes in the human body... However, there are in fact only 34,000 genes.
• (B) Since scientists have already mapped the genomes of other organisms, including the mouse, rat, and fruit fly, they can now compare these to the human genome to learn how different organisms evolve, react to disease, and respond to environmental pollutants.
• (C) Another interesting finding is that although groups of people around the world may look different, they are actually very similar genetically. For instance, there is only a very small number of genes accountable for the difference in skin color.
• (D) The findings of the Human Genome Project, begun in 1990, will help answer these questions and many others. To find the answers, scientists collected blood, hair, skin cell, and saliva samples of people from all over the world. (Correct answer)