Question

how many hydrogen atoms are present in 25.6 g of nitroglycerin c₃h₅n₃o₉, the explosive component of dynamite and a medicine to treat heart conditions? the molar mass of nitroglycerine is 227.1 g/mole.

Explanation:

Step1: Calculate moles of nitroglycerin

Moles = $\frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Molar Mass}}$. Mass = 25.6 g, Molar Mass = 227.1 g/mol.
Moles of $\text{C}_3\text{H}_5\text{N}_3\text{O}_9$ = $\frac{25.6\ \text{g}}{227.1\ \text{g/mol}}$ ≈ 0.1127 mol.

Step2: Moles of H atoms

In 1 mole of $\text{C}_3\text{H}_5\text{N}_3\text{O}_9$, there are 5 moles of H.
Moles of H = 0.1127 mol × 5 = 0.5635 mol.

Step3: Number of H atoms

Using Avogadro's number ($N_A = 6.022 \times 10^{23}\ \text{atoms/mol}$).
Number of H atoms = 0.5635 mol × $6.022 \times 10^{23}\ \text{atoms/mol}$ ≈ $3.39 \times 10^{23}$ atoms.

Answer:

Approximately $\boldsymbol{3.39 \times 10^{23}}$ hydrogen atoms.