Question

the graph was drawn from data collected as a substance was heated at a constant rate. use the graph to answer the following questions.
at point a, the beginning of observations, the substance exists in a solid state. material in this phase has __________ volume and ________ shape. with each passing minute, ________ is added to the substance. this causes the molecules of the substance to ________ more rapidly which we detect by a ________ rise in the substance. at point b, the temperature of the substance is __°c. the solid begins to ________. at point c, the substance is completely ________ or in a ________ state. material in this phase has ________ volume and ________ shape. the energy put to the substance between minutes 5 and 9 was used to convert the substance from a ________ to a __________. this heat energy is called the latent heat of fusion. (an interesting fact.)

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze the properties of solids

Solids have a definite volume and a definite shape.

Step2: Consider the heating process

When a substance is heated, heat (thermal energy) is added. This causes the molecules to move (vibrate) more rapidly, and we detect this as a temperature rise.

Step3: Read the temperature at point B

From the graph, at point B, the temperature is 70°C. At this point, the solid begins to melt.

Step4: Analyze the state at point C

At point C, the substance is completely melted (in a liquid state). Liquids have a definite volume but no definite shape.

Step5: Identify the phase change

The energy between minutes 5 - 9 is used to convert the substance from a solid to a liquid (latent heat of fusion).

Answer:

definite; definite; heat (thermal energy); move (vibrate); temperature; 70; melt; melted; liquid; definite; no definite; solid; liquid