Question

given the following names, write the formulas

1. calcium carbonate
2. sodium cyanide
3. potassium nitrate
4. aluminum chlorate
5. barium chromate
6. calcium hydroxide
7. potassium nitrite
8. lithium carbonate
9. magnesium acetate
10. aluminum sulfate
11. potassium iodide
12. barium chloride
13. lithium bromide
14. sodium hypochlorite
15. iron (iii) sulfate
16. tin (iv) oxide
17. copper (ii) iodide
18. strontium chloride
19. lithium acetate
20. magnesium hydroxide

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze Calcium carbonate

Calcium (Ca) has a charge of +2, carbonate ($\text{CO}_3^{2 - }$) has a charge of -2. To balance charges, the formula is $\text{CaCO}_3$.

Step2: Analyze Sodium cyanide

Sodium (Na) has +1 charge, cyanide ($\text{CN}^ - $) has -1 charge. Formula: $\text{NaCN}$.

Step3: Analyze Potassium nitrate

Potassium (K) +1, nitrate ($\text{NO}_3^ - $) -1. Formula: $\text{KNO}_3$.

Step4: Analyze Aluminum chlorate

Aluminum (Al) +3, chlorate ($\text{ClO}_3^ - $) -1. Need 3 chlorate ions. Formula: $\text{Al(ClO}_3\text{)}_3$.

Step5: Analyze Barium chromate

Barium (Ba) +2, chromate ($\text{CrO}_4^{2 - }$) -2. Formula: $\text{BaCrO}_4$.

Step6: Analyze Calcium hydroxide

Calcium (Ca) +2, hydroxide ($\text{OH}^ - $) -1. Need 2 hydroxide ions. Formula: $\text{Ca(OH)}_2$.

Step7: Analyze Potassium nitrite

Potassium (K) +1, nitrite ($\text{NO}_2^ - $) -1. Formula: $\text{KNO}_2$.

Step8: Analyze Lithium carbonate

Lithium (Li) +1, carbonate ($\text{CO}_3^{2 - }$) -2. Need 2 Li ions. Formula: $\text{Li}_2\text{CO}_3$.

Step9: Analyze Magnesium acetate

Magnesium (Mg) +2, acetate ($\text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2^ - $) -1. Need 2 acetate ions. Formula: $\text{Mg(C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2\text{)}_2$.

Step10: Analyze Aluminum sulfate

Aluminum (Al) +3, sulfate ($\text{SO}_4^{2 - }$) -2. Find LCM of 3 and 2 (6). So 2 Al and 3 sulfate. Formula: $\text{Al}_2(\text{SO}_4)_3$.

Step11: Analyze Potassium iodide

Potassium (K) +1, iodide (I⁻) -1. Formula: $\text{KI}$.

Step12: Analyze Barium chloride

Barium (Ba) +2, chloride (Cl⁻) -1. Need 2 Cl⁻. Formula: $\text{BaCl}_2$.

Step13: Analyze Lithium bromide

Lithium (Li) +1, bromide (Br⁻) -1. Formula: $\text{LiBr}$.

Step14: Analyze Sodium hypochlorite

Sodium (Na) +1, hypochlorite ($\text{ClO}^ - $) -1. Formula: $\text{NaClO}$.

Step15: Analyze Iron (III) sulfate

Iron (III) (Fe³⁺), sulfate ($\text{SO}_4^{2 - }$). LCM of 3 and 2 is 6. 2 Fe and 3 sulfate. Formula: $\text{Fe}_2(\text{SO}_4)_3$.

Step16: Analyze Tin (IV) oxide

Tin (IV) (Sn⁴⁺), oxide (O²⁻). LCM of 4 and 2 is 4. 1 Sn and 2 O. Formula: $\text{SnO}_2$.

Step17: Analyze Copper (II) iodide

Copper (II) (Cu²⁺), iodide (I⁻). Need 2 I⁻. Formula: $\text{CuI}_2$.

Step18: Analyze Strontium chloride

Strontium (Sr) +2, chloride (Cl⁻) -1. Need 2 Cl⁻. Formula: $\text{SrCl}_2$.

Step19: Analyze Lithium acetate

Lithium (Li) +1, acetate ($\text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2^ - $) -1. Formula: $\text{LiC}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2$.

Step20: Analyze Magnesium hydroxide

Magnesium (Mg) +2, hydroxide ($\text{OH}^ - $) -1. Need 2 OH⁻. Formula: $\text{Mg(OH)}_2$.

Answer:

1. $\boldsymbol{\text{CaCO}_3}$
2. $\boldsymbol{\text{NaCN}}$
3. $\boldsymbol{\text{KNO}_3}$
4. $\boldsymbol{\text{Al(ClO}_3\text{)}_3}$
5. $\boldsymbol{\text{BaCrO}_4}$
6. $\boldsymbol{\text{Ca(OH)}_2}$
7. $\boldsymbol{\text{KNO}_2}$
8. $\boldsymbol{\text{Li}_2\text{CO}_3}$
9. $\boldsymbol{\text{Mg(C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2\text{)}_2}$
10. $\boldsymbol{\text{Al}_2(\text{SO}_4)_3}$
11. $\boldsymbol{\text{KI}}$
12. $\boldsymbol{\text{BaCl}_2}$
13. $\boldsymbol{\text{LiBr}}$
14. $\boldsymbol{\text{NaClO}}$
15. $\boldsymbol{\text{Fe}_2(\text{SO}_4)_3}$
16. $\boldsymbol{\text{SnO}_2}$
17. $\boldsymbol{\text{CuI}_2}$
18. $\boldsymbol{\text{SrCl}_2}$
19. $\boldsymbol{\text{LiC}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2}$
20. $\boldsymbol{\text{Mg(OH)}_2}$