Question

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a
is the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 degree c.
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Explanation:

The question is about a unit of energy related to heating water. The calorie (or kilocalorie, often called a Calorie with a capital C in nutrition) is defined as the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram (or 1 gram, depending on the definition) of water by 1 degree Celsius. For 1 kg of water, the unit is a kilocalorie (or sometimes referred to as a "large calorie"), but the term "calorie" in the context of this definition (when considering 1 kg) can also be referred to as a kilocalorie, though the basic definition here matches the concept of a calorie (or kilocalorie) for 1 kg. The standard definition for the kilocalorie (kcal) is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 °C.

Answer:

calorie (or kilocalorie)