Question

figure c
these three figures show that in a game of tug - of - war, the knot in the rope is being pulled toward opposite sides by the players. the tug - of - war game shown in the figures represents the way that atoms are in a tug - of - war for bonding electrons.
use the table to answer the question

calculate the electronegativity difference and determine the type of bond that nacl forms. explain which tug - of - war game figure best represents this type of bond and why

Explanation:

Step1: Calculate electronegativity difference

The formula for electronegativity difference \(\Delta EN\) is \(\Delta EN=\vert EN_{Cl}-EN_{Na}\vert\). Given \(EN_{Na} = 0.9\) and \(EN_{Cl}=3.0\), then \(\Delta EN=\vert3.0 - 0.9\vert=2.1\)

Step2: Determine bond type

A bond is ionic if \(\Delta EN>1.7\). Since \(2.1>1.7\), \(NaCl\) forms an ionic bond.

Step3: Relate to tug - of - war analogy

In an ionic bond, one atom (here \(Cl\)) has a much stronger pull (higher electronegativity) on the bonding electrons. In the tug - of - war analogy, it would be a game where one side (the \(Cl\) “team”) is much stronger. So the figure where one side has a dominant pull (e.g., a figure with a large imbalance in the strength of the two pulling groups) best represents it. The reason is that in ionic bonding, one atom (the more electronegative \(Cl\)) essentially “takes” the electron (similar to one side winning the tug - of - war easily due to much greater strength) from the less electronegative atom (\(Na\))

Answer:

The electronegativity difference is \(2.1\). \(NaCl\) forms an ionic bond. The tug - of - war figure with a large imbalance in pulling strength (where one side is clearly dominant) best represents it because in ionic bonding, the more electronegative atom (\(Cl\)) has a much stronger pull on the bonding electron (similar to one side dominating the tug - of - war)