Question

1. fault lines occur because ______________.

a earth is made up of separate plates that run into each other
b rocks below the surface of earth crack
c earths tectonic plates float on a layer of liquid rock
d earthquakes cause the ground to shake and crack

1. what is the effect of tectonic plates grinding against each other?

a energy waves travel through earths crust.
b new fault lines form along the edges of the plates.
c stress builds up in the rock where the plates meet.
d molten rock rises through cracks to earths surface.

1. which of these was caused by the earthquake that struck in the indian ocean in 2004?

a a new fault line was formed.
b rock slides buried thousands of people.
c several small volcanoes erupted.
d a tsunami wiped out hundreds of villages.

1. what happens when too much stress causes the rock along a far

a the rock floats below the surface.
b the rock releases energy and makes the ground shake.
c two tectonic plates meet.
d the rock bends and stretches.

1. what is another problem earthquakes can cause?

a sudden bursts of energy
b more molten rock
c mud slides
d new fault lines

Explanation:

1. Fault lines occur because Earth is made up of separate plates that run into each other. Plate - tectonic theory explains that the Earth's lithosphere is divided into plates. When these plates interact (converge, diverge, or transform), fault lines can form.
2. When tectonic plates grind against each other, stress builds up in the rock where the plates meet. This stress is a result of the frictional forces between the moving plates.
3. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake caused a tsunami that wiped out hundreds of villages. The displacement of the ocean floor during the earthquake generated a large - scale tsunami.
4. When too much stress causes the rock along a fault, the rock releases energy and makes the ground shake. This is the basic mechanism of an earthquake according to the elastic - rebound theory.
5. Earthquakes can cause mud slides. The shaking of the ground during an earthquake can destabilize slopes and loose soil, leading to mud slides.

Answer:

1. A. Earth is made up of separate plates that run into each other
2. C. Stress builds up in the rock where the plates meet
3. D. A tsunami wiped out hundreds of villages
4. B. The rock releases energy and makes the ground shake
5. C. mud slides