Question

an electron
atoms can have more or fewer electrons than protons. but what changes as electrons are added?
oxygen atoms like to gain 2 electrons. but then the atom is not neutral anymore.
with two more electrons, and no more protons to cancel the negative chare, the oxygen ion has a -2 charge.
ions are atoms with a charge.
use the build an atom (symbols) phet to make an isotope of oxygen. however, make sure it is stable and is a
negative (-) ion with a charge of -2. sketch the isotope below.

p =

n =

e =

Explanation:

Step1: Determine the number of protons (\(\#P\))

The atomic number of oxygen is \(8\). The number of protons is equal to the atomic number. So, \(\#P = 8\).

Step2: Determine the number of neutrons (\(\#N\))

For a stable isotope of oxygen, the most common stable isotope is \(^{16}\text{O}\). The mass number \(A=16\). Using the formula \(A = P + N\), we substitute \(P = 8\) and \(A=16\). Then \(N=A - P\), so \(N=16 - 8=8\).

Step3: Determine the number of electrons (\(\#E\))

Since it is a \(- 2\) ion (\(\text{O}^{2-}\)), the number of electrons is \(P+2\). Substituting \(P = 8\), we get \(E=8 + 2=10\).

Answer:

\(\#P = 8\), \(\#N = 8\), \(\#E = 10\)