Question

the economist july 9, 2020

1. \if something isnt done, and done in a hurry, to bring the colored peoples of the world out of their long years of poverty, their long years of hurt and neglect, the whole world is doomed,\ martin luther king jr told striking workers the day before he was shot dead in memphis, tennessee. in 1968 black americans had only just realized formal legal equality after two centuries of slavery and one of jim crow, indentured servitude, lynchings and enforced residential segregation. they had been deliberately excluded from economic supports such as social security, mortgage guarantees and subsidized college for veterans. as a result, black american households earned around 60% of what white households did, and the typical black family had less than 10% of the assets of a typical white family.

centuries of systemic _racism_ have caused the average black
family to be _poorer_ than other families.

Explanation:

The text describes historical and systemic issues like slavery, Jim Crow, exclusion from economic supports. These systemic forms of racism (as per the context of racial discrimination and oppression) led to economic disparities. The data on income (60% of white households) and assets (less than 10% of white families) shows black families are much poorer.

Answer:

Centuries of systemic racial discrimination (or forms of racism like slavery, Jim Crow etc.) have caused the average black family to be significantly (or much) poorer than other families.