for each scenario below, determine which form of energy is at play: kinetic (k) or potential (p).
1. energy of motion
2. stored energy
3. a roller coaster pauses at the top of the highest peak
4. a roller coaster descends and accelerates
5. a rubber band is stretched and held
6. a soccer ball is kicked
7. a snowboarder looks down the mountain after exiting the ski lift
8. a spring is compressed
9. a glass teeters on the edge of a table
10. the glass falls
11. electricity is the energy of electrons jumping from atom to atom
what does the law of conservation of energy state?
compare and contrast gravitational potential energy and elastic potential energy. what do they have in common? what is different about them?
identify one example of kinetic energy in the room around you.
identify one example of potential energy in the room around you.

Question

Accepted Answer

### Scenario Energy Type Determination:
1. **Energy of motion**
   Kinetic energy (K) is the energy of motion.
   Answer: K

2. **Stored energy**
   Potential energy (P) is stored energy.
   Answer: P

3. **A roller coaster pauses at the top of the highest peak**
   At the peak, the roller coaster has stored energy due to height (gravitational potential energy).
   Answer: P

4. **A roller coaster descends and accelerates**
   Moving/accelerating means energy of motion (kinetic energy).
   Answer: K

5. **A rubber band is stretched and held**
   Stretched rubber band has stored elastic potential energy.
   Answer: P

6. **A soccer ball is kicked**
   A kicked ball is in motion, so kinetic energy.
   Answer: K

7. **A snowboarder looks down the mountain after exiting the ski lift**
   The snowboarder has stored energy due to height (gravitational potential energy).
   Answer: P

8. **A spring is compressed**
   Compressed spring has stored elastic potential energy.
   Answer: P

9. **A glass teeters on the edge of a table**
   The glass has stored energy due to height (gravitational potential energy, about to fall).
   Answer: P

10. **The glass falls**
    A falling glass is in motion, so kinetic energy.
    Answer: K

11. **Electricity is the energy of electrons jumping from atom to atom**
    Moving electrons mean kinetic energy (energy of motion).
    Answer: K

### Law of Conservation of Energy:
The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed from one form to another (e.g., potential to kinetic, or into heat/sound).

### Compare Gravitational and Elastic Potential Energy:
- **Commonality**: Both are types of potential (stored) energy.
- **Difference**:
  - Gravitational potential energy depends on an object’s height and mass ($ PE_g = mgh $, where $ m $ = mass, $ g $ = gravity, $ h $ = height).
  - Elastic potential energy depends on the stretch/compression of an elastic object (e.g., spring, rubber band) and its “spring constant” ($ PE_{elastic} = \frac{1}{2}kx^2 $, where $ k $ = spring constant, $ x $ = displacement from rest).

### Kinetic Energy Example in the Room:
A fan blade spinning (motion = kinetic energy) or a person walking (motion) are examples.

### Potential Energy Example in the Room:
A book on a shelf (stored energy due to height, gravitational potential energy) or a stretched rubber band (elastic potential energy) are examples.

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Explanation:

Scenario Energy Type Determination:

Answer: