Question

during the early part of the labor movement, immigrants, women, and african americans
created and led local unions.
supplied mostly skilled labor to employers.
were often excluded from membership in local unions.
were not allowed to work at unskilled jobs.

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each option:

• Option 1: In the early labor movement, immigrants, women, and African Americans were not the primary creators/leaders of local unions (unions were often led by white, native - born men), so this is incorrect.
• Option 2: During this time, these groups mostly supplied unskilled labor, not skilled labor, so this is wrong.
• Option 3: Historically, in the early labor movement, local unions (often dominated by white, native - born, male workers) frequently excluded immigrants, women, and African Americans from membership. This aligns with historical facts.
• Option 4: These groups were often relegated to unskilled jobs, so the statement that they were not allowed to work at unskilled jobs is false.

Answer:

C. were often excluded from membership in local unions.