Question

developments in medical technology make it possible to
use less energy to power hospitals.
monitor and control population growth.
prevent pests from destroying food crops.
detect and treat a wide variety of illnesses.

Explanation:

Medical technology focuses on healthcare - related applications. Detecting and treating illnesses is directly within the scope of medical technology. Powering hospitals with less energy is more related to energy - saving technology in general, not specifically medical. Monitoring and controlling population growth is a social and demographic task. Preventing pests from destroying crops is an agricultural or entomological task.

Answer:

detect and treat a wide variety of illnesses.