QUESTION IMAGE
Question
cos k -?\
\\(\vec{ab}\\) и \\(\vec{ac}\\)\
a (-4; 4; 4)\
b (3; 1; 0)\
c (-1; 0; 6)
Step1: 计算向量\(\overrightarrow{AB}\)和\(\overrightarrow{AC}\)
向量\(\overrightarrow{AB}\)的坐标为\(B - A=(3 - (-4), 1 - 4, 0 - 4)=(7, -3, -4)\);向量\(\overrightarrow{AC}\)的坐标为\(C - A=(-1 - (-4), 0 - 4, 6 - 4)=(3, -4, 2)\)。
Step2: 计算向量点积\(\overrightarrow{AB}\cdot\overrightarrow{AC}\)
根据点积公式\(\overrightarrow{a}\cdot\overrightarrow{b}=a_1b_1 + a_2b_2 + a_3b_3\),则\(\overrightarrow{AB}\cdot\overrightarrow{AC}=7\times3 + (-3)\times(-4) + (-4)\times2 = 21 + 12 - 8 = 25\)。
Step3: 计算向量模长\(|\overrightarrow{AB}|\)和\(|\overrightarrow{AC}|\)
\(|\overrightarrow{AB}|=\sqrt{7^2 + (-3)^2 + (-4)^2}=\sqrt{49 + 9 + 16}=\sqrt{74}\);\(|\overrightarrow{AC}|=\sqrt{3^2 + (-4)^2 + 2^2}=\sqrt{9 + 16 + 4}=\sqrt{29}\)。
Step4: 计算余弦值\(\cos\theta\)
根据向量夹角公式\(\cos\theta=\frac{\overrightarrow{AB}\cdot\overrightarrow{AC}}{|\overrightarrow{AB}|\times|\overrightarrow{AC}|}\),则\(\cos\theta=\frac{25}{\sqrt{74}\times\sqrt{29}}=\frac{25}{\sqrt{2146}}\approx\frac{25}{46.32}\approx0.54\)(这里先保留分数形式\(\frac{25}{\sqrt{2146}}\),也可有理化后为\(\frac{25\sqrt{2146}}{2146}\))。
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\(\cos\theta = \frac{25\sqrt{2146}}{2146}\)(或约为\(0.54\))