Question

complete the lewis dot structure for the following elements.
state how many electrons will be lost or gained to fulfill the
octet rule.
ne
____ electrons will be (gained / lost)
n
____ electrons will be (gained / lost)
h
____ electrons will be (gained / lost)
c
____ electrons will be (gained / lost)
be
____ electrons will be (gained / lost)

Explanation:

For Ne (Neon)

Step1: Determine electron configuration

Neon has an atomic number of 10, so its electron configuration is $1s^2 2s^2 2p^6$. The outermost shell (valence shell) has 8 electrons, which satisfies the octet rule (for main - group elements, having 8 electrons in the valence shell is stable).

Step2: Decide on electron gain/loss

Since the valence shell already has 8 electrons (a stable octet), Neon will not gain or lose any electrons. So the number of electrons gained or lost is 0. And the choice between gained/lost is neither, but in the context of the question (maybe a bit of a trick here as noble gases are stable), we can say 0 electrons will be (neither gained nor lost, but if we have to choose from the given options, since it's already stable, 0 and no gain or loss. But following the question's format):

Step1: Determine valence electrons

Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7. Its electron configuration is $1s^2 2s^2 2p^3$. The valence shell (n = 2) has 5 electrons.

Step2: Calculate electrons needed for octet

To fulfill the octet rule (8 electrons in the valence shell), Nitrogen needs $8 - 5=3$ electrons. So it will gain 3 electrons.

Step1: Determine valence electrons

Hydrogen has an atomic number of 1. Its electron configuration is $1s^1$. The valence shell (n = 1) follows the duet rule (stable with 2 electrons in the first shell).

Step2: Calculate electrons needed

It has 1 valence electron, so it needs $2 - 1 = 1$ electron to fulfill the duet rule (similar to octet rule for n = 1). So it will gain 1 electron.

Answer:

0 electrons will be (neither gained nor lost, but in the boxed form for the number: $\boxed{0}$), and for the gain/loss, since it's stable, but if we have to pick, maybe the question expects to recognize it's a noble gas, so 0 electrons will be (gained / lost - but actually neither, but as per the problem's structure, 0 and no gain/loss. But let's proceed with each element:

For N (Nitrogen)