Question

cms physical science unit 3 summative assessment
the dot structure for the element sodium is shown.
na•
which of these describes the electron behavior necessary for sodium to bond with another element?
sodium will lose 1 electron and form an ion.
sodium will gain 7 electrons and form an ion.
sodium will share 1 electron in a covalent bond.
sodium will share 7 electrons in a covalent bond.

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze sodium's valence electron

Sodium (\(Na\)) has 1 valence electron (as shown in the dot structure \(Na\cdot\)).

Step2: Consider electron - transfer for stability

Atoms tend to achieve a stable electron configuration (like a noble - gas configuration). For sodium, it is easier to lose 1 electron (rather than gain 7 electrons) to have a stable configuration (similar to neon). When it loses 1 electron, it forms a \(Na^{+}\) ion.

Step3: Rule out covalent - bond options

Covalent bonds involve sharing electrons. Sodium is a metal (in the context of common bonding scenarios for basic chemistry problems like this), and metals typically form ionic bonds by losing electrons (not covalent bonds by sharing electrons). So, options about covalent bonding (sharing electrons) are incorrect.

Answer:

Sodium will lose 1 electron and form an ion.