Question

chapter 1 science skills
section 1.4 presenting scientific data (pages 22 - 25)
this section describes how scientists organize and communicate data.
reading strategy (page 22)
comparing and contrasting after you read this section, compare the types of graphs by completing the table. for more information on this reading strategy, see the reading and study skills in the skills and reference handbook at the end of your textbook.

type of graph	description	used for
bar graph
circle graph

organizing data (pages 22 - 24)

1. circle the letters of tools that scientists use to organize their data.

a. the internet b. newspapers
c. tables d. graphs

1. the simplest way to organize data is to present them in a(n) ______________.
2. circle the letter of the place on a line graph where the manipulated variable is generally plotted.

a. the y - axis b. the rise
c. the x - axis d. the run

1. on a line graph, the ratio of the change in the y - variable to the corresponding change in the x - variable is called the line’s ______________.
2. circle the letters of the relationships that are direct proportions.

a. distance traveled versus time at a constant speed
b. the mass of a substance versus its volume
c. the time to travel a given distance versus average speed
d. the number of fingers in your classroom versus the number of people

Explanation:

1. Tables and graphs are common data - organizing tools in science. The Internet and newspapers are not primary data - organizing tools for scientists.
2. Presenting data in a table is a simple way to organize it.
3. In a line graph, the manipulated (independent) variable is plotted on the x - axis.
4. The ratio of the change in the y - variable to the change in the x - variable on a line graph is the slope.
5. Direct proportions have a constant ratio. Distance vs time at a constant speed and mass vs volume are direct proportions as they follow the relationships $d = vt$ (constant $v$) and $m=

ho V$ (constant $
ho$). Time to travel a given distance vs average speed is an inverse proportion ($t=\frac{d}{v}$), and the number of fingers vs number of people is not a scientific proportion relationship.

Answer:

1. c, d
2. table
3. c
4. slope
5. a, b