Question

autonomic functioning
body organs served by the autonomic nervous system receive fibers from both divisions. exceptions are most blood vessels and most structures of the skin, some glands, and the adrenal medulla, all of which receive only (1. ) fibers (table 7.4, p. 268) when both divisions serve the same organ, they cause antagonistic effects, mainly because their postganglionic axons release different neurotransmitters (see figure 7.26) the parasympathetic fibers, called cholinergic (ko\lin - erjik) fibers, release acetylcholine. the sympathetic (2. ) fibers, called adrenergic (ad
en - erjik) fibers, release norepinephrine (norep - i - nefrin). the preganglionic axons of both divisions release acetylcholine. to emphasize the relative roles of the two arms of the ans, we will focus briefly on situations in which each division is \in control.\
sympathetic division
the sympathetic division is often referred to as the \fight - or - flight\ system. its activity is evident when we are excited or find ourselves in (3 ) or threatening situations, such as being frightened by a stranger late at night. a pounding heart, rapid, deep breathing, cold, sweaty skin, a prickly scalp, and dilated eye pupils are sure signs of sympathetic nervous system activity. under such conditions, the (4. ) nervous system increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood glucose levels, dilates the bronchioles of the lungs, and brings about many other effects that help the individual cope with the stressor. other examples are dilation of blood vessels in skeletal muscles (so that we can run faster or fight better) and withdrawal of blood from the (5. ) organs (so that the bulk of the blood can be used to serve the heart, brain, and skeletal muscles)

1. digestive 2. sympathetic 3. postganglionic 4. emergency 5. sympathetic

1 sympathetic 2. digestive 3. sympathetic 4. postganglionic 5. emergency
1 sympathetic 2 postganglionic 3. emergency 4. sympathetic 5 digestive
1 emergency 2 sympathetic 3. digestive 4. sympathetic 5. postganglionic
1 postganglionic 2. emergency 3 sympathetic 4. digestive 5. sympathetic

Explanation:

• For (1): Most blood vessels, skin structures, some glands, and adrenal medulla receive only sympathetic fibers.
• For (2): Sympathetic postganglionic fibers are called adrenergic.
• For (3): Sympathetic activity is evident in emergency or threatening situations.
• For (4): The sympathetic nervous system causes the described effects.
• For (5): Blood is withdrawn from digestive organs to serve more critical organs.

Answer:

1 sympathetic 2 postganglionic 3 emergency 4 sympathetic 5 digestive