Question

atomic theory and periodic table

1. which of the following statements best describes the basic structure of an atom?

a. electrons and protons are in motion around a nucleus that contains neutrons.
b. neutrons are in motion around a nucleus that contains protons and electrons.
c. protons are in motion around a nucleus that contains electrons and neutrons.
d. electrons are in motion around a nucleus that contains protons and neutrons.

1. which of the following correctly describes a property of an atom?

a. it has more protons than neutrons.
b. it has a negative or positive charge.
c. it has an equal number of protons and electrons.
d. it has an equal number of neutrons and electrons.

Explanation:

• For question 1:
• In an atom, electrons are in motion around the nucleus. The nucleus contains protons and neutrons.
• Option a is wrong because protons are in the nucleus, not in motion around it.
• Option b is wrong because neutrons are in the nucleus, not in motion around it.
• Option c is wrong because protons are in the nucleus, not in motion around it.
• For question 2:
• An atom is neutral, which means it has an equal number of protons (positively - charged) and electrons (negatively - charged).
• Option a is wrong as there is no general rule that an atom has more protons than neutrons.
• Option b is wrong because a neutral atom has no net charge.
• Option c is wrong as there is no general rule that an atom has an equal number of neutrons and electrons.

Answer:

1. d. Electrons are in motion around a nucleus that contains protons and neutrons.
2. d. It has an equal number of protons and electrons.