ap psychology – unit 1 – vocabulary practice quiz
direction– write the correct answer in the left-hand margin next to each question using a capital letter.
1. a researcher wants to study the long-term development of a child with a rare genetic disorder. the most suitable research method for this would be a(n): a. experiment b. naturalistic observation c. quantitative research d. case study
2. when a study is designed so that neither the participants nor the researchers know who is receiving the treatment or the placebo, the procedure is referred to as a: a. double-blind procedure b. single-blind procedure c. debriefing d. informed consent
3. to determine if an experimental finding can be reliably reproduced, a researcher would attempt to: a. conduct a meta-analysis b. replicate the study c. perform peer reviews d. debrief the participants
4. a research team is examining the effects of a new medication. the group that receives a sugar pill instead of the actual medication is known as the: a. experimental group b. control group c. random sample d. placebo group
5. a company wants to collect feedback from all of its employees on a new policy. the entire group of employees that the company is interested in studying is called the: a. random sample b. control group c. experimental group d. population
6. an educator is examining the effectiveness of two different teaching methods. the method of instruction is the variable that is being manipulated to observe its effect on student performance. this manipulated variable is the: a. confounding variable b. dependent variable c. independent variable d. experimental group
7. a psychologist is interested in the biological roots of aggressive behavior. this area of study would fall under: a. the biopsychosocial approach b. biological psychology c. qualitative research d. naturalistic observation
8. in an experiment, a factor other than the one being studied could influence the results, leading to an inaccurate conclusion. this is referred to as a: a. dependent variable b. confounding variable c. independent variable d. placebo
9. after an experiment on memory, the researcher provides a full explanation of the study’s purpose and procedures to the participants. this process is called: a. informed consent b. debriefing c. peer reviews d. random assignment
10. a researcher wants to measure the average anxiety level of a group of students. the most appropriate statistical measure to use for this would be the: a. mode b. mean c. median d. effect size
11. a study finds that as the amount of time spent exercising increases, body mass index tends to decrease. this relationship is an example of a: a. correlation b. causation c. hypothesis d. confounding variable
12. a company wants to understand the experiences and perspectives of its employees regarding workplace culture. the most effective research approach would be: a. qualitative research b. quantitative research c. a meta-analysis d. an experiment
13. when a person filling out a survey provides answers that they believe are socially acceptable, rather than their true feelings, they are demonstrating: a. experimenter bias b. sampling bias c. social desirability bias d. confounding variables
14. the group of participants in an experiment that receives the new treatment being tested is the: a. control group b. experimental group c. random sample d. population
15. a survey is given to a group of high school students. the results are not representative of all high school students in the country because the survey only included students from a private school. this is an example of: a. experimenter bias b. social desirability bias c. sampling bias d. confounding variable
16. a researcher’s belief that a particular outcome will occur leads them to unintentionally influence the results of the experiment. this is an example of: a. experimenter bias b. sampling bias c. social desirability bias d. double-blind procedure

Question

Accepted Answer

### Question 1
# Brief Explanations:
A case study is used to study an individual (or a small group) in depth, especially for rare conditions. A child with a rare genetic disorder is best studied with a case study. Experiments require manipulation, naturalistic observation is observing in natural settings, and quantitative research is about numerical data collection, which isn't the best here.
# Answer:
D. case study

### Question 2
# Brief Explanations:
In a double - blind procedure, both participants and researchers are unaware of who is getting the treatment or placebo. A single - blind is when only participants don't know, debriefing is after the study, and informed consent is before the study about the study's details.
# Answer:
A. double - blind procedure

### Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
Replicating a study means repeating it to check if the findings can be reproduced. Meta - analysis combines results of multiple studies, peer reviews are for evaluating research before publication, and debriefing is after the study with participants.
# Answer:
B. replicate the study

### Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
The control group in an experiment gets a placebo (like a sugar pill) instead of the actual treatment, to compare with the experimental group (which gets the treatment). A random sample is a way of selecting participants, and "placebo group" is not the standard term; the standard is control group.
# Answer:
B. control group

### Question 5
# Brief Explanations:
The population is the entire group that a researcher is interested in studying. A random sample is a subset of the population, control and experimental groups are for experiments, not for surveying all employees.
# Answer:
D. population

### Question 6
# Brief Explanations:
The independent variable is the one that is manipulated in an experiment to see its effect on the dependent variable (student performance here). A confounding variable is an unwanted variable, and the experimental group is a group in the experiment, not a variable.
# Answer:
C. independent variable

### Question 7
# Brief Explanations:
Biological psychology focuses on the biological bases of behavior, so studying the biological roots of aggressive behavior falls under biological psychology. The biopsychosocial approach considers biological, psychological, and social factors, qualitative research is a research method, and naturalistic observation is a research technique.
# Answer:
B. biological psychology

### Question 8
# Brief Explanations:
A confounding variable is an extraneous factor that can influence the results of an experiment, leading to inaccurate conclusions. The dependent variable is the one being measured, the independent variable is the one being manipulated, and a placebo is a fake treatment.
# Answer:
B. confounding variable

### Question 9
# Brief Explanations:
Debriefing is the process of informing participants about the purpose and procedures of a study after it has been conducted. Informed consent is before the study, peer reviews are for evaluating research, and random assignment is for assigning participants to groups in an experiment.
# Answer:
B. debriefing

### Question 10
# Brief Explanations:
The mean is the average, calculated by summing all values and dividing by the number of values. It's appropriate for measuring the average anxiety level. The mode is the most frequent value, the median is the middle value, and effect size measures the magnitude of a difference.
# Answer:
B. mean

### Question 11
# Brief Explanations:
Correlation is a relationship between two variables where a change in one is associated with a change in the other (here, more exercise is associated with lower BMI). Causation means one variable causes the other, a hypothesis is a prediction, and a confounding variable is an extraneous factor.
# Answer:
A. correlation

### Question 12
# Brief Explanations:
Qualitative research is used to understand experiences, perspectives, and meanings, which is suitable for understanding employees' experiences of workplace culture. Quantitative research is about numerical data, meta - analysis combines study results, and an experiment is for testing cause - effect relationships.
# Answer:
A. qualitative research

### Question 13
# Brief Explanations:
Social desirability bias occurs when people give answers that they think are socially acceptable rather than their true feelings. Experimenter bias is the researcher's influence, sampling bias is about unrepresentative samples, and confounding variables are extraneous factors in experiments.
# Answer:
C. social desirability bias

### Question 14
# Brief Explanations:
The experimental group in an experiment is the group that receives the new treatment being tested. The control group gets a placebo, a random sample is a selection method, and the population is the entire group of interest.
# Answer:
B. experimental group

### Question 15
# Brief Explanations:
Sampling bias occurs when the sample (here, private school students) is not representative of the population (all high school students). Experimenter bias is the researcher's influence, social desirability bias is about response bias, and confounding variables are extraneous factors in experiments.
# Answer:
C. sampling bias

### Question 16
# Brief Explanations:
Experimenter bias is when a researcher's beliefs unintentionally influence the results of an experiment. Sampling bias is about unrepresentative samples, social desirability bias is about response bias, and double - blind procedure is to reduce bias, not a type of bias.
# Answer:
A. experimenter bias

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