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how can an ion be created?
by adding or extracting electrons.
by adding or extracting neutrons.
by adding or extracting protons.
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Explanation:

Step1: Recall ion formation concept

An ion is an atom or molecule with a net electric charge.

Step2: Analyze each option

  • Protons: Changing protons changes the element (not just forming an ion).
  • Neutrons: Adding/removing neutrons forms isotopes (same element, different mass).
  • Electrons: Atoms gain/lose electrons to form ions. For example, sodium loses an electron to become \(Na^+\).

Answer:

By adding or extracting electrons.