Question

8.6c
investigate and
describe
applications of
newtons law of
inertia, law of
force and
acceleration,
and law of
action - reaction
such as in
vehicle
restraints,
sports
activities,
amusement
park rides,
earths tectonic
activities, and
rocket launches
newtons 1st law
newtons first law: an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an
unbalanced force. an object in motion continues in motion with the same speed and
in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
this law is often called the law of inertia
examples of newtons 1st law:

• car suddenly stops and you strain against the seat belt (vehicle restraints) because our bodies want to

keep moving

• when riding a horse, the horse suddenly stops and you fly over its head
• ketchup stays in the bottom (at rest) until you bang (outside force) on the end of the bottom
• can you think of another example?

newtons 2nd law
newtons second law: acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. the
greater the mass (of the object being accelerated) the greater the amount of force
needed (to accelerate the object). it can be measured by
f = m × a
this law is often called the law of acceleration
calculate
f = 1000 kg × 0.5 m/s/s
f = 500 n
examples of newtons 2nd law:

• hitting a baseball - the harder the hit, the faster the ball goes accelerating
• a grocery cart filled with lots of food vs. an empty grocery cart
• the positioning of football players - massive players on the line with lighter (faster to accelerate) players in

the backfield

• can you think of another example?

Explanation:

Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia) states objects at rest stay at rest and moving objects continue moving unless an unbalanced force acts. Examples like car stopping with seat - belt use (body wants to keep moving) and ketchup staying in bottle (at rest until shaken). Newton's Second Law (Law of Acceleration) formula \(F = M\times A\). Example: pushing car (mass \(1000\ kg\), acceleration \(0.5\ m/s^{2}\), force \(F=1000\times0.5 = 500\ N\)). Another example for Second Law: kicking a heavy vs light ball (heavier needs more force for same acceleration).

Answer:

For Newton's First Law: When a bus suddenly stops, passengers lean forward (inertia - body in motion). For Newton's Second Law: Pushing a loaded vs empty wheelbarrow (loaded needs more force to accelerate).