Question

1. the ______ is a double membranous fibrous sac that encloses the heart.

○ myocardium
○ epicardium
○ pericardium
○ visera

1. the medical term systole actually means:

○ agent or nerve that enlarges the lumen of blood vessels
○ cardiac cycle phase where chambers contract raising blood pressure
○ abnormal or pathological condition of the blood
○ agent or nerve that narrows the lumen of blood vessels

Explanation:

Question 43

To solve this, we analyze each option:

• Myocardium: The muscular tissue of the heart, not a sac enclosing the heart.
• Epicardium: The outer layer of the heart wall, not a sac enclosing the whole heart.
• Pericardium: A double - membranous fibrous sac that encloses the heart.
• Visera: This is a misspelling (viscera refers to internal organs in general, not a sac around the heart).

We analyze each option for the meaning of "Systole":

• "Agent or nerve that enlarges the lumen of blood vessels" describes a vasodilator, not systole.
• "Cardiac cycle phase where chambers contract raising blood pressure" is the correct definition of systole, as during systole the heart chambers contract to pump blood, increasing blood pressure.
• "Abnormal or pathological condition of the blood" is related to blood disorders, not systole.
• "Agent or nerve that narrows the lumen of blood vessels" describes a vasoconstrictor, not systole.

Answer:

C. pericardium

Question 44