Question

a. the 2s orbitals are filled. b. the 3p orbitals are filled. c. the orbital diagram violates hunds rule. d. none of the above

Explanation:

1. Analyze the 2s orbital: In the diagram, the 2s orbital has 2 electrons with opposite spins, which means it is filled as the 2s orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons.
2. Analyze the 3p orbital: The 3p orbital has only 2 electrons with parallel spins and is not filled as a 3p - subshell can hold 6 electrons.
3. Analyze Hund's rule: Hund's rule states that electrons will occupy degenerate orbitals singly before pairing up. In the 3p sub - shell, the electrons are placed singly with parallel spins which follows Hund's rule.

Answer:

A. The 2s orbitals are filled.