26. during the persian wars sparta and athens united because they feared _____________.
27. pericles expanded democracy during his reign by ____________________ and ______________ so that poorer citizens could serve.
28. as a result of the ______________ athens declined and greece grew weaker.
29. greeks believed that gods and goddesses ____________________ and ____________________.
30. greek ______________ and ______________ expressed ideas of beauty and harmony.
31. ideas of greek philosophers are ______________ today.
32. greek historians wrote the ______________ histories in ____________________.
33. ______________ cities became centers of learning and culture.
34. hellenistic scientists made advances in ______________ and ______________.
35. list the four ways that the peloponnesian war weakened the greek states.
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bonus: pick one of the twenty important people to tell in detail how they were important to ancient greece and how they impacted history. your answer should include 4 or more details.

Question

Accepted Answer

### Question 26
# Brief Explanations:
The question is about the Persian Wars and why Sparta and Athens united. In historical context, during the Persian Wars, the Greek city - states (including Sparta and Athens) united because they feared the Persian Empire's invasion and the potential loss of their independence and way of life. So the answer should be related to the Persian invasion.
# Answer:
Persian invasion (or "the Persian Empire's conquest" or similar historical reasons related to Persian threat)

### Question 27
# Brief Explanations:
Pericles expanded democracy in Athens. One of the ways was by paying jurors and also by increasing the number of public offices available to all citizens (or other measures like introducing a system of public service pay). The key here is that he made it possible for poorer citizens to serve by providing payment for public service (like jury duty) and other reforms to increase access to political participation.
# Answer:
paying jurors; increasing access to public offices (or other correct historical measures like "instituting a salary for public officials" and "expanding the number of elected officials" - the most common is paying jurors and some form of increasing political participation for the poor)

### Question 28
# Brief Explanations:
The Peloponnesian War was the conflict that led to the decline of Athens and the weakening of Greece. After this war, Athens lost its power, and the Greek city - states were weakened due to the internal conflict between Athens and Sparta and their respective allies.
# Answer:
Peloponnesian War

### Question 29
# Brief Explanations:
In Greek mythology and belief, the gods and goddesses were believed to control natural events (like the weather, harvests) and also to influence human lives (such as love, war, fate). They were seen as having human - like qualities but with great power over the world and human affairs.
# Answer:
controlled natural events; influenced human lives (or other correct pairs like "lived on Mount Olympus" and "intervened in human affairs" - the core is about their powers and interaction with the world/humans)

### Question 30
# Brief Explanations:
Greek art forms like architecture (e.g., the Parthenon) and sculpture (e.g., the statues of gods, athletes) were known for expressing ideas of beauty and harmony. These art forms had a sense of proportion, balance, and aesthetic ideals that represented beauty and harmony.
# Answer:
architecture; sculpture (or other art forms like "painting" and "pottery" but architecture and sculpture are the most prominent for beauty and harmony in Greek art)

### Question 31
# Brief Explanations:
The ideas of Greek philosophers, such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, are still relevant today. Their ideas about ethics, politics, metaphysics, and epistemology form the basis of much of Western philosophy and are studied, debated, and applied in modern times. So the answer is that they are "still relevant" (or "influential", "studied", etc.).
# Answer:
still relevant (or "influential", "studied", "important" - any term that shows the enduring nature of Greek philosophical ideas)

### Question 32
# Brief Explanations:
Greek historians, like Herodotus (the "Father of History") and Thucydides, wrote the first (or earliest) histories in the Western tradition. They wrote in prose, and their works were about the events of their time, especially wars (like the Persian Wars by Herodotus and the Peloponnesian War by Thucydides). So the first blank is "first" (or "earliest") and the second blank is "prose" (or "the Western world" or related historical writing context).
# Answer:
first; prose (or "earliest"; "the Western tradition" - the standard answer is that Greek historians wrote the first histories in prose)

### Question 33
# Brief Explanations:
During the Hellenistic period, cities like Alexandria (in Egypt), Antioch, and Pergamum became centers of learning and culture. These were Hellenistic cities that had great libraries, schools, and were hubs of intellectual and cultural activity.
# Answer:
Hellenistic (or specific cities like "Alexandria" but the general term for the type of cities is Hellenistic)

### Question 34
# Brief Explanations:
Hellenistic scientists made advances in many fields. Two prominent fields were mathematics (e.g., Euclid's work in geometry) and astronomy (e.g., Aristarchus' heliocentric model, Eratosthenes' measurement of the Earth's circumference). They also made advances in other fields like physics (Archimedes' work) but mathematics and astronomy are two key areas.
# Answer:
mathematics; astronomy (or "physics" and "anatomy" - but mathematics and astronomy are more widely recognized for Hellenistic scientific advances)

### Question 35
# Brief Explanations:
The Peloponnesian War weakened the Greek states in the following four ways: 1. It caused great loss of life and destruction of property in the warring city - states. 2. It led to the breakdown of trust and unity among the Greek city - states, as they were divided into two opposing alliances (Athens - led Delian League and Sparta - led Peloponnesian League). 3. It exhausted the resources (both human and material) of the city - states, making them vulnerable to outside threats (like later Macedonian expansion). 4. It led to a decline in the political and economic power of the city - states, as Athens lost its imperial power and Sparta's victory was also a pyrrhic one, with both sides weakened.
# Answer:
1. Loss of life and destruction of property.
2. Breakdown of unity among Greek city - states.
3. Exhaustion of resources (human and material).
4. Decline in political and economic power, making them vulnerable to outside threats.

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