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1. Understand the question

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   unit 3 evolution & classification ls. bio 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 10.1, 10.2 3
   station 2 - the fossil record
   watch the video on the law of superposition then answer this question:

   1. the teacher in the video used a school locker to explain the law of superposition. can you think of another example to explain it?
   2. choose either the whale or the horse and explain how the picture shows that the organism has changed over time.

   how does the fossil record provide evidence for evolution?

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2. Response

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3. Brief Explanations
   1. For the Law of Superposition analogy: The law states that in undisturbed rock layers, older layers are at the bottom, newer at the top. A stack of mail in a mailbox follows this—new mail is added on top, so older mail is at the bottom.
   2. For whale evolution: The fossil sequence shows gradual changes. Early forms (like Pakicetus) are small, land-dwelling with limbs. Over time, forms like Ambulocetus are semi-aquatic, then Basilosaurus has reduced hind limbs, and modern whales are fully aquatic with no visible hind limbs, showing adaptation to marine life.
   3. For fossil record evidence: Fossils form a chronological sequence (via superposition) showing gradual morphological changes in species, linking ancient organisms to modern ones, and documenting the emergence of new traits and body plans over time.
4. Final answer
   1. A stack of mail in a mailbox: New mail is placed on top, so older mail sits at the bottom, matching the "oldest at bottom, newest at top" rule of superposition.
   2. (Whale example) The fossil series shows that early whale ancestors like Pakicetus were small, four-legged land animals. As time progresses, species like Ambulocetus became semi-aquatic with adapted limbs, Basilosaurus had tiny, non-functional hind limbs, and modern whales are fully aquatic with no visible hind limbs. This clear progression of body structure changes over time demonstrates the whale's evolution from land-dwelling to marine organisms.
   3. The fossil record provides evidence for evolution by preserving a chronological sequence of organisms (via the Law of Superposition, which dates older fossils to lower rock layers). This sequence shows gradual changes in physical traits, links extinct species to modern descendants, and documents the appearance of new, specialized features that reflect adaptation to changing environments over millions of years.

   Turn 2 Answer

   1. A laundry basket: The clothes at the bottom were worn first (older), and the ones on top were worn most recently (newer).

   1. (Whale) The fossils show a transition from four-legged land animals to aquatic creatures with fins, showing how their bodies adapted to the ocean over time.

   1. It shows a timeline of physical changes in species, connecting ancient ancestors to modern animals through a clear sequence of fossils.

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