Question

1. what is the name of this symbol?
2. notes above and below the music staff are called what?

Explanation:

Question 15

The symbol shown is a whole note (or semibreve in British terminology) in music notation. A whole note has a hollow oval head and a horizontal stem (though in some representations, the filled - like appearance here still corresponds to the whole - note concept, with the horizontal line being the stem - related part and the rectangular - like filled part being the note head - like part in a simplified or stylized drawing).

Notes that are placed above or below the music staff are called ledger line notes (or notes on ledger lines). Ledger lines are short horizontal lines used to extend the staff so that notes that are too high or too low to be placed on the regular staff lines can be notated.

Answer:

Whole Note (Semibreve)

Question 16